Pune: The incidence of Zika virus infections is on the rise, with cases commonly reported during the monsoon season, similar to dengue, malaria, and chikungunya.
Both dengue and Zika are transmitted by the same type of mosquito, leading to similar symptoms for both diseases. The Zika virus can be transmitted from mother to fetus, posing significant risks to both. Medical experts emphasize the importance of caution during the first trimester of pregnancy.
Symptoms:
Rash
Fever
Conjunctivitis
Muscle and joint pain
Malaise
Headache
Diagnosis:
Zika virus infection is diagnosed through blood or urine RT-PCR tests. Accurate diagnosis is possible if the test is conducted within a week of the onset of symptoms. Testing after a week may not be as effective.
Preventive Measures:
The best way to prevent Zika virus infection is to avoid mosquito bites. This includes wearing long-sleeved clothing, ensuring there is no standing water around the home, and staying in air-conditioned or mosquito-proof environments. Pregnant women or those planning to become pregnant are advised to avoid traveling to areas with active Zika transmission.
Risks:
Zika virus infection during pregnancy is linked to microcephaly, a birth defect where the baby's head is smaller than normal, leading to developmental delays.
The virus can directly affect the development of the fetus's brain. Besides microcephaly, Zika is associated with other birth defects, including eye abnormalities, hearing loss, and developmental delays.
These defects can significantly impact the child's health and development. Pregnant women infected with Zika are also at a higher risk of miscarriage.
"Citizens should not panic about Zika virus infection but should take necessary precautions. Stagnant water due to monsoons leads to mosquito breeding, increasing the risk. People should ensure there is no mosquito breeding around them and seek medical advice immediately if symptoms appear. Pregnant women need to be extra vigilant as the virus affects both the mother and the baby," advised Dr. Samrat Shah, a medical expert.
